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Charles Bukowski 1920 - 1994

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dinosauria, we
(short version)

born like this
into this
as the chalk faces smile
as Mrs. Death laughs
as political landscapes dissolve
as the oily fish spit out their oily prey

we are
born like this
into this
into hospitals which are so expensive that it's cheaper to
die
into lawyers who charge so much it's cheaper to plead
guilty
into a country where the jails are full and the madhouses
closed
into a place where the masses elevate fools into rich
heroes

born into this
walking and living through this
dying because of this
castrated
debauched
disinherited
because of this
the fingers reach toward an unresponsive god

the fingers reach for the bottle
the pill
the powder

we are born into this sorrowful deadliness
there will be open and unpunished murder in the streets
it will be guns and roving mobs
land will be useless
food will become a diminishing return
nuclear power will be taken over by the many
explosions will continually shake the earth
radiated men will eat the flesh of radiated men
the rotting bodies of men and animals will stink in the
dark wind

and there will be the most beautiful silence never heard

born out of that.

dinosauria, we

Charles Bukowski

Charles Bukowski, the American poet, short-story writer, and novelist, was born Heinrich
Karl Bukowski, Jr. in Andernach, Germany on August 1920. He was the son of Henry
Bukowski, a US soldier who was part of the post-World War I occupation force, and
Katharina Fett, a German woman. His father, his wife and young "Henry Charles" returned
to the United States in 1922, settling in Los Angeles, California, the setting of much of
"Hank" Bukowski's oeuvre. With Raymond Chandler, Bukowski is the great chronicler of
the City of Angels, and after John Steinbeck and Robinson Jeffers, who influenced
Bukowski's poetry, he arguably is the most important and certainly one of the most
influential writers produced by the Golden state.

Bukowski's childhood was marred by a violent father, who regularly beat him with a razor
strop until his teen years, and then by the Great Depression. When Bukowski went
through adolescence, he developed an awful case of acne vulgaris which disfigured his
face and made him feel like an outsider. His father frequently was out of work during the
Depression, and he took out his pain and anxiety on his son. The younger Bukowski took
to drink at a young age, and became a rather listless underachiever as a means of
rebellion against not only his father, but against society in general, the society his father
wanted him to become a productive member of. The young Bukowski could care less.

During his school years, Bukowski read widely, and he entered Los Angeles City College
after graduating from high school to study journalism and literature with the idea of
berserk, destroying his output and throwing his possessions out onto the lawn, a lawn
that the young Bukowski had to mow weekly and would be beaten for if the grass wasn't
perfectly cut. Bukowski left City College after a year and went on the bum, traveling to
Atlanta, where he lived in a shack and subsisted on candy bars. He would continue to
return to his parents' house when he was busted flat and had nowhere else to go.

At City College, Bukwoski briefly flirted with a pathetic, ad hoc, pro-fascist student group.
Proud of being a German, he did not feel inclined to go to war against Hitler's Germany.
When America entered World War II, Bukowski resisted entreaties from his friends and
father to join the service. He began living the life of a wandering hobo and a bum,
frequently living on skid row as he worked his way through a meaningless series of jobs in
L.A. and other cities across the U.S. He wound up in New York City during the war after
his short story, 'Aftermath of a Lengthy Rejection Slip,' was accepted by "Story"
magazine. He disliked New York and soon decamped for more hospitable climes. He was
content to go to public libraries and read -- he discovered the L.A. writer John Fante,
whom heavily influenced his own work and whom he would champion when he became
famous -- and loaf.

The story, published in "Story" in 1944, was the highlight of the first part of his writing
career. He returned to Los Angeles and became a Bottle Baby in his mid-twenties,
forsaking the typewriter for John Barleycorn and Janet Cooney Baker, an alcoholic ten
years his senior who became his lover, off and on, for the the next decade. They would
shack up in a series of skid row rooms until the money and the booze would run out, and
Jane would hurt the turf. She was a tortured soul who could match Bukowski drink for
drink, and she was the love of his life. They would drift apart in the mid-'50s until coming
together again at the beginning of a new decade, before she drank herself to death in
1962.

Bukowski got a temporary Christmas job at the Post Office in 1952, and stuck with his job
as a mail carrier for three years. In 1955, he was hospitalized in a charity ward with a
bleeding ulcer that nearly killed him. He was told never to drink again, but he fell off the
water wagon the day he got out of the hospital and never regretted it.

After recovering from his brush with death -- he would have died if an idealistic doctor
hadn't demanded from the nurses that had left Bukowski to die that they give him a
massive blood transfusion -- he began to write again: poetry. Bukowski developed into
one of the most original and influential poets of the post-War era, though he was never
anthologized in the United States (though those that were influenced by him were).
Bukwoski, who chronicled the low-life that he lived, never gained any critical respect in
America, either in the journals or in academia. He lived in, and rebelled against in a more
fundamental way than almost any other white American writer other than 'Eugene O'Neil',
a country in which "The Great Gatsby" -- a novel that could sanctify its readers by
enabling them to think it a critique of the very materialism it celebrated -- was as near to
"The Great American Novel" as there ever would be, and the social realists of the 1930s
were passé. It was a fundamentally corrupt world, and Bukowski wanted nothing to do with
it, other than to wrest the booze, broads and shelter he needed, and some toilet paper for
the crapper and some writing paper for his manual typewriter.

Barbara Frye, a woman born to wealth who published the small poetry magazine
"Harlequin," began to publish Bukowski. She sent a letter to him saying she feared no one
would marry her because of a congenital conformity essentially leaving her with no neck.
Bukowski, who had never met her, wrote back that he would marry her, and he did. The
marriage lasted two years. In 1958, he went back to work for the Post Office, this time as
a mail sorting clerk, a job he would hold for almost a dozen hellish years.

His first collection of poetry, "Flower, Fist and Bestial Wail" was published as a chapbook
in 1959 in a run of 200 copies. The influence of Jeffers is very strong in the early work.
One can also detect W.H. Auden, although Bukowski never mentioned him, and he was
phlegmatic whereas Auden was dry. But that same sense of an outsider looking in
critically at his society was there.

Bukowski's poetry, like all his writing, was essentially autobiographical and rooted in
clinical detail rather than metaphor. The poems detailed the desperate lives of men on
the verge -- of suicide, madness, a mental breakdown, an economic bust-out, another
broken relationship -- whose saving grace was endurance. The relationship between
male and female was something out of Thomas Hobbes, and while Bukowski's life
certainly wasn't short, one will find in the poetry and prose much that is brutish.

Jon Edgar Webb, a former swindler who became a littérateur with his "The Outsider"
magazine, became enamored of Bukowski's work in the early 1960s. Webb, who had
published the work of Lawrence Ferlenghetti, Allen Ginsberg, Henry Miller, and William
Burroughs, published Bukowski, then dedicated an issue of his magazine to Buk was
"Outsider of the Year," and eventually decided to publish, with his own bespoke hand
press, a collection of Bukowski's poetry.

Bukowski began to establish a reputation in the small magazines that proliferated with the
"mimeograph revolution" of the late 1960s, micro-circulation "magazines" run off on
mimeograph and Gestetner machines. Bukowski began moving away from a more
traditional, introspection poetry to more expressionistic, free-form "verse," and began
dabbling in the short story, a form he became a master of. He also began a weekly
column for an underground Los Angeles newspaper, "Open City," called "Notes of a Dirty
Old Man." The texts of his column were collected in a collection of the same title published
by Ferlenghetti's City Lights press in 1969. (City Lights also would publish his first book of
short stories, entitled "Ejaculations, Exhibitions and General Tales of Ordinary Madness,"
in 1972).

In the column, Bukowski would introduce ideas, vignettes and stories, many of which
would be further developed into the short stories that helped make his reputation. The
Bukowski of the mid- to late- 1960s' and 1970s became one of the greatest short story
writers that America has produced, and his reputation grew steadily in Europe. (Though a
literary lion on the West Coast, Buk never was much appreciated in the New York City
that he had spurned which was, after all, the arbiter of culture. Since he didn't exist in
their ken, he didn't exist at all, with the surprising result for Europeans that the most
popular American writer in Europe was little known by Americans.)

A nasty and unstable drunk, someone who would hector the audience at the many
readings he began to give (he attracted crowds more attune with those found at rock
concerts than poetry readings, according to promoters), Bukowski's personality did little
to help position him in American letters. To say he was undiplomatic.... This is a man
caught on film, drunk, praising Idi Amin and Hitler in a series of interviews shot by Barbet
Schroeder that ran on French TV in the mid-1970s. The fact that he supported himself
writing for skin magazines like "Hustler" with humorous and very cynical pieces such as
the provocatively entitled Western-spoof "Stop Staring at My Tites, Mister" ensured that
the literary establishment, both in New York and in many outposts of "bohemian" America,
found -- and kept -- Bukowski, beyond the pale.

There was also envy as Bukowski became increasingly popular. Aside from the master of
kitsch Rod McKuen, Bukowski was probably the best selling poet America produced after
World War II. By the end of the 1970s, he was the most popular American writer in
Germany and also had a huge reputation in France and other parts of Europe. Yet, he
remained virtually unknown in the United States, except among the core of the Bukowski
cult who faithfully bought his books.

Bukowski's success as a writer in the 1970s can be attributed to the patronage of John
Martin, a book collector and chap book publisher who offered to subsidize Bukowski to
the tune of $100 a month for life. Bukowski took him up on the offer, quit his job at the
Post Office in 1969, and set out to be a writer who made his living by the typewriter alone
(and an occasional poetry reading). Martin established his Black Sparrow Press to print
Bukowski, and Bukowski proceeded to begin his first novel while continuing to write poetry
and short stories. The first novel, "Post Office," was published by Black Sparrow in 1971.
The Bukowski phenomenon began to gain momentum.

Around the time he quit the Post Office, Bukowski took up with the poet and sculptress
Linda King, who was 20 years his junior. They began a tumultuous relationship juiced in
equal parts with sadism and masochism that extended into the mid-1970s. In his 1978
autobiographical novel "Women," Bukowski writes about how his alter ego, "Henry
Chinaski," had not had a woman in four years. Now, as Bukowski became a literary
phenomenon in the small/alternative press world, he became a literary if not literal Don
Juan, bedding down his legions of women fans who flocked to his apartment on DeLongre
Avenue in the sleaziest part of Hollywood. (It was at this time that Bukowski was friends
with a dirty book store manager who was the father of Leonardo DiCaprio.)

Bukowski's alter ego in his novels, Chinaski (who significantly shares Bukowski's real first
name, the name he went by; he used his middle name "Charles" for his poetry as it
seemed more literary, and possibly to deny his father, who shared the same Christian
name), shares an affinity with with the underground denizens of Feodor Dostoyevsky's
work and the protagonists of Louis-Ferdinand Céline's novels "Journey to the End of
Night" and "Death on the Installment Plan." Celine arguably is the largest influence on
Bukowski's prose, aside from Hemingway (who influenced Bukowski's entire generation)
and Fante. Like Celine, in World War II, Bukowski flirted with fascism (though Bukowski
never descended into the anti-semitism of Celine or any other type of racism in his work);
like Celine, he despised America and the brand of capitalism once known as "Fordism,"
assembly line industrialism and the petty consumer society Bukowski found abominable
and which he tried to escape.

Chinaski is a hard-drinking, would-be womanizer who is ready to duke it out with the
bums, crooks and assorted low-lives he lives and drinks amongst, though occasionally he
visits high society through the ministrations of a woman. Like Bukowski himself, he will
accept company but prefers to be alone to drink and listen to classical music on the radio:
Beethoven, Mozart, and Mahler among others.

Chinaski was was introduced in the autobiographical short-story "Confessions of a Man
Insane Enough to Live With Beats," his first published short story, printed in chap book
form in 1965, followed a year later by "All the Assholes in the World And Mine." Chinaski's
life is chronicled in Bukowski's novels "Post Office" (1971), "Factotum" (1975), "Women"
(1978), and "Ham on Rye" (1982). Bukowski is not naturally gifted as a novelist, and while
"Women" is superb and the very short "Post Office" is highly readable, "Factotum" and
"Ham on Rye" are not up to the standards of Bukowski's short stories.

As his social situation evolved, Bukowski's works broadened from tales of low-lives and
bums and losers; he added to his repertoire meditative and sarcastic accounts of his new
life. A constant in his work became poems and short stories about the race track, to which
he had been introduced by Jane back in the 1950s. The race track as metaphor suited
Bukowski as it represented something more than luck or chance. A horse player had to
work at it to be any good and beat the odds, and the odds were definitely stacked against
the crowd as the track took its vig right off the top, when it wasn't outright and forthrightly
fixing the race.

Going with the crowd was to be avoided in order to improve one's odds, and the track, the
establishment, was out to f--- the bettor, but spiritual kin to Camus' Sissyphus, the bettor
on nags had to have the wit to at least get the stone to the crown of the hill and avoid
getting crushed as it courses its way back. The bettor was hip to the fact that the rock
always fell back and would always fall back, but a good living or at least survival could be
had by beating the track, beating the establishment, if the bettor knew how to play the
horses. It was all a matter of developing his own system, and standing aloof from the
crowd, whose dumb, manipulated enthusiasms skewed the odds. And knowing when to
change to a new system, to keep ahead of the track, and the crowd. Bukowski was the
antithesis of Carl Sandburg and Sandburg's "The People."

Bukowski was and would remain a literary outsider. In 1973, Taylor Hackford presented
Bukowski to a wider audience via an award-winning documentary for Los Angeles public
television station KCET. "Bukowski" won the San Francisco Film Festival's Silver Reel
Award after being voted the best cultural film on public TV. After his relationship with
Linda King petered out, Bukowski met Linda Lee Beighle, a health food restaurateur
twenty-five years his junior in 1976. They became a couple and Bukowski's life became
more balanced. With a stable relationship and steady royalties in the low six-figure range,
Bukowski became a home owner, albeit in a middle class neighborhood in San Pedro. He
now had a swimming pool, a hot tub, and drove a black BMW he paid cash for to the
track. He palled around with Sean Penn and U2 dedicated a song to him at a Los Angeles
concert.

The Muse, whom Buk bet on as faithfully as he did the ponies, left him when it came to
the short story sometime in the 1980s. The poetry always ran through his head and down
into his fingers, but it became less artful, though the powerful voice remained. Buk wrote
a screenplay for Barbet Schroeder, which was made into the movie Barfly (1987), and
Bukowski became known in the United States at last. He refused to appear on "The
Tonight Show" (1962) with Johnny Carson, but let "People" magazine interview him as in
his reasoning, it would be read by normal people at the supermarket checkout lines. It
was the "Crowd" he despised but honored in his own way by refusing to be part of the
"better" part of society that kept them down.

Always immensely prolific when it came to his poetry, and aided by a personal computer
in the '80s, Bukowski generated so much material that originals are still being published
10 years after his death. He finished his last novel, an L.A./Chandler/private
detective/noir spoof called "Pulp" shortly before he lost his battle with leukemia; it, like the
final poetry collection published in his lifetime, "The Last Night of the Earth Poems," is full
of intimations of mortality, and of course, his mordant humor.

On March 9, 1994, in his native Los Angeles, the man Jean Genet and Jean-Paul Sartre
called America's "greatest poet" died. In his short story collection "Hot Water Music,"
Bukwoski wrote, "There are so many," she said, "who go by the name of poet. But they
have no training, no feeling for their craft. The savages have taken over the castle.
There's no workmanship, no care, simply a demand to be accepted." The remarkable
endurance of the man who never asked for acceptance, the endurance that took him
nearly forty years beyond the near-death his drinking and despair had brought him in
1955, finally gave out, and not to the booze and the carousing and anomie, but to a
cancer. Many of his fans thought it was remarkable that the "Dirty Old Man" had made it
to 74, but it was a brave front: they greatly mourned the passing of their favorite writer, a
man that could be read by anyone of any class or educational background.

His friend, Sean Penn, dedicated his film The Crossing Guard (1995) to Bukowski, with
the words felt by many who had loved him: "Hank, I still miss you."

We still do.

Bukowski Biography by Jon Hopwood